Perceived stress, coping style and burnout of Chinese nursing students in late-stage clinical practice: A cross-sectional study.

AIM: The aim of this study was to examine the levels of stress, coping style and burnout among Chinese nursing students in late-stage clinical practice and to identify their relationships. BACKGROUND: High stress, passive coping and burnout among nursing students in late-stage clinical practice may contribute to severe psychological consequences. DESIGN: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in November and December 2020. METHODS: Participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey to examine their stress levels, coping style and burnout. Intention to leave the profession was also assessed. RESULTS: Approximately 36.1 % of nursing students experienced emotional exhaustion and 85.3 % of nursing students perceived themselves to have moderate to high stress levels. A positive coping style can protect nursing students from depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment. High stress and passive coping style predicted emotional exhaustion. Passive coping style and high stress were significant factors leading to intention to quit nursing education before graduation. CONCLUSIONS: Lowering the level of stress and using positive coping behaviors may help students during late internship to mitigate burnout and avoid leaving nursing education. Therefore, nurse educators and clinical nursing mentors need to consider developing strategies and interventions to reduce the decline in nursing students entering nursing education and prevent burnout.

[Variation Characteristics of Ambient Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Volume Fraction During Hangzhou COVID-19 Period].

A continuous observation campaign was carried out with the Syntech Spectras GC955 volatile organics online monitoring system from December 1, 2019 to March 31, 2020 during the COVID-19 period in Hangzhou. Composition characteristics, diurnal variation, and atmospheric chemical reactivity of VOCs were analyzed. The results showed that φ(total VOCs) were the highest before the COVID-19 pandemic in different sites and the lowest during the first response period. The φ(total VOCs) at night was higher than that during the day. The daily variation in Wolongqiao φ(total VOCs) was less than that in Xiasha. The daily variation in φ(total VOCs) during the first level response period was less than that during the other three periods. The diurnal variation in the φ (total VOCs) in Xiasha showed a "V" shape, and that in Wolongqiao showed a typical bimodal structure. The OFP in Xiasha was higher than that in Wolongqiao. The OFP were the highest at the two sites before the COVID-19 pandemic. The OFP was the lowest during the first response period in Xiasha and the lowest during the second response period in Wolongqiao. The OFP of aromatics and olefins was higher, and the OFP of alkynes was the lowest in Xiasha. The OFP of olefin in Wolongqiao was much higher than that of the other three components, followed by alkane and alkyne.

Self-compassion and the Mitigation of Negative Affect in the Era of Social Distancing.

OBJECTIVES: The outbreak of contagious diseases and their associated non-pharmaceutical interventions can lead to negative mental health consequences. This study aimed to investigate online self-compassion exercises' effectiveness in alleviating people's negative affect (anxiety and negative emotions) during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. METHODS: Study 1 examined the associations between self-compassion and negative affect using an anonymous online survey. In study 2, two pilot experiments were conducted to examine online self-compassion exercises' (i.e., instructor-guided meditation and self-guided writing) effectiveness to mitigate individuals' negative affect. In study 3, a randomized controlled study was conducted to further examine online self-compassion writing's effectiveness in reducing people's negative affect. RESULTS: The results of study 1 indicated a significant negative association between self-compassion and participants' negative affect. Participants in study 2a reported significant decreases in negative affect after completing the self-compassion meditation. Study 2b showed that participants who completed the self-compassion writing reported significantly more self-compassion and less anxiety when compared to participants who did not. Study 3 showed substantial pre/post-test changes in participants who completed self-compassion writing. Importantly, there were significant increases in participants' self-compassion and decreases in negative affect when compared to participants in the control condition. CONCLUSIONS: Self-compassion exercises were effective to alleviate individuals' anxiety and reduce negative emotions (even within a brief session) during the pandemic lockdown. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12671-021-01674-w.

Distribution of HLA allele frequencies in 82 Chinese individuals with coronavirus disease-2019

COVID-19 is a respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus and is currently a global pandemic. HLA variation is associated with COVID-19, because HLA plays a pivotal role in the immune response to pathogens. Here, 82 individuals with COVID-19 were genotyped for HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DRB3/4/5, -DQA1, -DQB1, -DPA1, and -DPB1 loci using next-generation sequencing. Frequencies of the HLA-C*07:29, C*08:01G, B*15:27, B*40:06, DRB1*04:06, and DPB1*36:01 alleles were higher, while the frequencies of the DRB1*12:02 and DPB1*04:01 alleles were lower in COVID-19 patients than in the control population, with uncorrected statistical significance. Only HLA-C*07:29 and B*15:27 were significant when the corrected P value was considered. These data suggested that some HLA alleles may be associated with the occurrence of COVID-19. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.